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Silver
Symbol: Ag
Atomic Number: 47
Atomic Weight: 107.8682
Element Classification: Transition Metal
Discovered By: Known to the ancients.
Discovery Date: n/a (Unknown)
Name Origin: Anglo-Saxon: siolful, (silver); symbol from Latin: argentium.
Density (g/cc): 10.5
Melting Point (°K): 1235.1
Boiling Point (°K): 2485
Appearance: Silvery-ductile, and malleable metal
Atomic Radius (pm): 144
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 10.3
Covalent Radius (pm): 134
Ionic Radius: 89 (+2e) 126 (+1e)
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.237
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 11.95
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 254.1
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (°K): 215.00
Pauling Negativity Number: 1.93
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 730.5
Oxidation States: 2, 1
Electronic Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s1
Lattice Structure: Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)
Lattice Constant (Å): 4.090
Lattice C/A Ratio: n/a
Mineral Hardness [no units]: 2.5
Brinell Hardness [/MN m-2]: 24.5
Vickers Hardness [/MN m-2]: 251
Note: Silver is very soft and ductile and prone to surface damage from deformation. Relatively few metallographers work with precious
metals, other than those used in electronic devices. In general, the precious metals are very soft and ductile, deform and smear easily, and
are quite challenging to prepare.