Possible inclusion sources
Possible inclusion source Key elements
Furance slag Ca
Furnace refractories Ca
Furance ferroalloys Ca, Al Si
Tapping launder refractories Mg, Ti, K
Tapping oxidation FeO
Ladle deoxidation, ladle slag Ca, Mg
Ladle refractories Mg, Ti, K
Teeming stopper and nozzle refractories Mg, Ti, K
Teeming oxidation, deoxidation FeO
Ingot mould refractories, deoxidation Mg, Ti, K
Heat treatment and rolling, surface oxidation FeO
Heat treatment and rolling, surface sulphurization FeS
Heat treatment and rolling, inner oxidation SiO2
Heat treatment and rolling, hot-shortness FeS
Welding, welding slags Ca, To
Welding, welding coatings Ti, V
Welding, steel inclusions Ti, V
Welding, hot tearing S












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