Metallography standards

Metallography standards

ASTM metallography standards

A247: Visual classification of graphite in the microstructure of cast iron
A892: Defining and rating the microstructure of high carbon bearing steels
B390: Evaluating apparent grain size and distribution of cemented tungsten carbides
B588: Measurement of the thickness of transparent or opaque coatings by double-beam interference microscope technique
B657: Metallographic determination of microstructure in cemented tungsten carbide
B681: Measurement of thickness of anodic coatings on aluminum and of other transparent coatings on opaque surfaces using the light-section microscope
B748: Measurement of the thickness of metallic coatings by measurement of cross section with a scanning electron microscope
B795: Determining the percentage of alloyed or unalloyed iron contamination present in powder forged steel parts
B796: Nonmetallic inclusion level of powder forged steel parts
B847: Measurement of metal and oxide coating thickness by microscopical examination of a cross section
C664: Thickness of diffusion coating
E3: Preparation of metallographic specimens
E7: Standard terminology relating to metallography
E45 Determining the inclusion content of steel
E82: Determining the orientation of a metal crystal
E112: Determining average grain size
E340: Macroetching metals and alloys
E381: Macroetch testing steel bars, billets, blooms, and forgings
E384: Microindentation hardness of materials
E407: Microetching metals and alloys
E562: Determining volume fraction by systematic manual point count
E766: Calibrating the magnification of a scanning electron microscope
E768: Preparing and evaluating specimens for automatic inclusion assessment of steel
E807: Metallographic laboratory evaluation
E883: Eeflected-light photomicrography
E930: Estimating the largest grain observed in a metallographic section (ALA grain size)
E975: X-ray determination of retained austenite in steel with near random crystallographic orientation
E986: Scanning electron microscope beam size characterization
E1077: Estimating the depth of decarburization of steel specimens
E1122: Obtaining JK inclusion ratings using automatic image analysis
E1180: Preparing sulfur prints for macrostructural examination
E1181: Characterizing duplex grain sizes
E1245: Determining the inclusion or second-phase constituent content of metals by automatic image analysis
E1268: Assessing the degree of banding or orientation of microstructures
E1351: Production and evaluation of field metallographic replicas
E1382: Determining average grain size using semiautomatic and automatic image analysis
E1508: Quantitative analysis by energy-dispersive spectroscopy
E1558: Electrolytic polishing of metallographic specimens
E1920: Metallographic preparation of thermal spray coatings
E1951: Calibrating reticles and light microscope magnifications
E2014: Metallographic laboratory safety
E2015: Preparation of plastics and polymericspecimens for microstructural examination
F1854: Stereological evaluation of porous coatings on medical implants

ASTM Hardness testing standards

B578: Microhardness of electroplated coatings
B721: Microhardness and case depth of powder metallurgy parts
C730: Knoop indentation hardness of glass
C849: Knoop indentation hardness of ceramic whitewares
C1326: Knoop indentation hardness of advanced ceramics
C1327: Vickers indentation hardness of advanced ceramics
E10: Brinell hardness of metallic materials
E18: Rockwell hardness and rockwell superficial hardness of metallic materials
E92: Vickers hardness of metallic materials
E140: Standard hardness conversion tables for metals
E448: Scleroscope hardness testing of metallic materials
E1842: Macro-Rockwell hardness testing of metallic materials

ISO Metallography standards

ISO643: Steels – Micrographic determination of the ferritic or austenitic grain size
ISO945: Cast iron: Designation of microstructure of graphite
ISO1083: Spheroidal graphite cast iron – Classification
ISO1463: Metallic and oxide coatings – Measurement of coating thickness – Microscopical method
ISO2624: Copper and copper alloys – Estimation of average grain size
ISO2639: Steel – Determination and verification of the effective depth of carburized and hardened cases
ISO3754: Steel – Determination of effective depth of hardening after flame or induction hardening
ISO3763: Wrought steels – Macroscopic methods for assessing the content of non-metallic inclusions
ISO3887: Steel, non-alloy and low alloy – Determination of depth of decarburization
ISO4499: Hardmetals: Metallographic determination of microstructure
ISO4524-1: Metallic coatings – test methods for electrodeposited gold and gold alloy coatings – Part 1: Determination of coating thickness
ISO4964: Steel – Hardness conversions
ISO4967: Steel – Determination of content of non-metallic inclusions – micrographic method using standard diagrams
ISO4968: Steel – Macrographic examination by sulphur print (Baumann method)
ISO4970: Steel – Determination of total or effective thickness of thin surface-hardened layers
ISO5949: Tool steels and bearing steels – Micrographic method for assessing the distribution of carbides using reference photomicrographs
ISO9042: Steels – Manual point counting method for statistically estimating the volume fraction of a constituent with a point grid
ISO9220: Metallic coatings – Measurement of coating thickness – Scanning electron microscope method
ISO14250: Steel – Metallographic characterization of duplex grain size and distribution

ISO Hardness standards

ISO1355: Metallic materials – Hardness test – Calibration of standardized blocks to be used for Rockwell superficial hardness testing machines (scales 15n, 30n, 45n, 15t, 30t and 45t)
ISO4516: Metallic and related coatings – Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests
ISO4545: Metallic materials – Hardness test – Knoop test
ISO4546: Metallic materials – Hardness test – Verification of Knoop hardness testing machines
ISO4547: Metallic materials – Hardness test – Calibration of standardized blocks to be used for Knoop hardness testing machines
ISO6441-1: Paints and varnishes – Determination of microindentation hardess – Part 1: Knoop hardness by measurement of indentation length
ISO6441-1: Paints and varnishes – Determination of microindentation hardness – Part 2: Knoop hardness by measurement of indentation depth under load
ISO6507-1: Metallic materials – Hardness test – Vickers test – Part I: HV 5 to HV 100
ISO6507-2: Metallic materials – Hardness test – Vickers test – Part 2: HV 0, 2 to less than HV 5
ISO6508: Metallic materials – Hardness test – Rockwell test (Scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K)
ISO9385: Glass and glass-ceramics – Knoop hardness test
ISO10250: Metallic materials – Hardness testing – Tables of Knoop hardness values for use in tests made on flat surfaces
ISO14271: Vickers hardness testing of resistance spot, projection and seam welds (low load and microhardness)

Other national standards

France

NFA04-10: Determination of the ferritic and austenitic grain size of steels

Germany

DIN50150: Testing of steel and cast steel; conversion table for vickers hardness, brinell hardness, rockwell hardness and tensile strength
DIN50192: Determination of the depth of decarburization
DIN50600: Testing of metallic materials; metallographic micrographs; picture scales and formats
DIN50601: Metallographic examination; determination of the ferritic or austenitic grain size
DIN50602: Metallographic examination; microscopic examination of special steels using standard diagrams to assess the content of non-metallic inclusions
SEP1510: Microscopic test of steels for grain size by comparison with standard charts
SEP1570: Microscopical examination of special steels for non-metallic inclusions using standard micrograph charts
SEP1572: Microscopic testing of free-cutting steels for non-metallic sulphide inclusions by means of a series of pictures

Italy

UNI3137: Extraction and preparation of samples
UNI3138: Macrographic analysis
UNI3245: Microscopic examination of ferrous materials - Determination of austenitic or ferritic grain size of plain carbon and low-alloy steels
UNI4227: Determination of metallographic structures
UNI4389: Nonferrous metals and their alloys: determination of the dimension of their crystal grains

Japan

JISB7724: Brinell hardness – Verification of testing machine
JISB7725: Vickers hardness – Verification of testing machines
JISB7730: Rockwell hardness test – Calibration of standardized blocks
JISB7734: Knoop hardness test – Verification of testing machines
JISB7735: Vickers hardness test – Calibration of the reference blocks
JISB7736: Brinell hardness test – Calibration of standardized blocks
JISG0551: Methods of austenite grain size test for steel
JISG0552: Method of ferrite grain size test for steel
JISG0553: Macrostructure detecting method for steel, edition 1
JISh0501: Methods for estimating average grain size of wrought copper and copper alloys
JISr1610: Testing method for Vickers hardness of high performance ceramics
JISr1623: Test method for Vickers hardness of fine ceramics at elevated temperatures
JISZ2243: Brinell hardness test – Test method
JISZ2244: Vickers hardness test – Test method
JISZ2245: Rockwell hardness test – Test method
JISZ2251: Knoop hardness test – Test method
JISZ2252: Test methods for Vickers hardness at elevated temperatures

Poland

PN-57/h-04501: Macroscopic examination of steel the deep etching test
PN-61/h-04502: Reagents for macrostructure tests of iron alloys
PN-61/h-04503: Reagents for microstructure tests of iron alloys
PN-63/h-04504: Microstructure testing of steel products. Iron carbide. Ghost structure. Widmanstätten’s structure.
PN-66/h-04505: Microstructure of steel products. Templates and evaluation.
PN-75/h-04512: Nonferrous metals. Reagents for revealing microstructure
PN-75/h-04661: Gray, spheroidal graphite and malleable cast iron. Metallographic examination. Evaluation of microstructure.
PN-76/h-04660: Cast steel and iron. Microscopic examination. Sampling and preparation of test pieces.
PN-84/h-04507/01: Metals. Metallographic testing of grain size. Microscopic methods for determination of grain size.
PN-84/h-04507/02: Metals. Metallographic testing of grain size. Methods of revealing the prior-austenitic grains in non-austenitic steels.
PN-84/h-04507/03: Metals. Metallographic testing of grain size. Macroscopic method of revealing the prior-austenitic grain size by the fracture method.
PN-84/h-04507/04: Metals. Metallographic testing of grain size. A method of testing for overheating of steel.
PN-87/h-04514: Steel, cast steel, cast iron. Macrostructure examination. Baumann’s test.

Russia

GOST801: Standard for ball and roller bearing steel
GOST1778: Metallographic methods of determination of nonmetallic inclusions
GOST5639: Grain size determination

Sweden

SIS111101: Estimating the average grain size of metals
SIS111102: Estimating the austenitic grain size of ferritic and martensitic steels
SIS111111: Methods for assessing the slag inclusion content in steel: Microscopic methods
SIS111114: Determination of slag inclusions – Microscopic methods – Manual representation
SIS111116: Steel – Method for estimation of the content of non-metallic inclusions – Microscopic methods – Jernkontoret’s inclusion chart ii for the assessment of non-metallic inclusions
SIS110340: Hardness test – Vickers test HV 0, 2 to HV 100 – Direct verification of testing machines
SIS1103 41: Hardness test – Vickers test HV 0,2 to HV 100 – Indirect verification of testing machines using standardized blocks
SIS1103 42: Hardness test – Vickers test HV 0,2 to HV 100 – Direct verification of standardizing machine for calibration of standardized blocks
SIS110343: Hardness test – Vickers test HV 0,2 to HV 100 – Calibration of standardized blocks
SIS112516: Metallic materials – Hardness test – Vickers test HV 5 to HV 100
SIS112517: Metallic materials – Hardness test – Vickers test HV 0,2 to less than HV 5 SIS117020: Determination of the depth of decarburization in steel

United Kingdom

BS860: Tables for comparison of hardness scales
BS4490: Methods for micrographic determination of the grain size of steel
BS5710: Macroscopic assessment of the non-metallic inclusion content of wrought steels
BS6285: Macroscopic assessment of steel by sulphur print
BS6286: Measurement of total or effective thickness of thin surface-Hardened layers in steel
BS6479: Determination and verification of effective depth of carburized and hardened cases in steel
BS6481: Determination of effective depth of hardening of steel after flame or induction hardening
BS6533: Macroscopic examination of steel by etching with strong mineral acids
BS6617: Determination of decarburisation in steel